High-Resolution Land Cover, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Statewide, 2013
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:University of Vermont Spatial Analysis Laboratory
Publication_Date:2018-12-20T00:00:00
Title:
High-Resolution Land Cover, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Statewide, 2013
Edition:First
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:raster digital data
Online_Linkage: http://www.pasda.psu.edu/
Description:
Abstract: 
High-resolution land cover dataset for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Twelve land cover classes were mapped:0 - Background1 - Water2 - Emergent Wetlands3 - Tree Canopy4 - Scrub/Shrub5 - Low Vegetation6 - Barren7 - Structures8 - Other Impervious Surfaces9 - Roads10 - Tree Canopy over Structures11 - Tree Canopy over Other Impervious Surfaces12 - Tree Canopy over RoadsThe complete class definitions and standards can be viewed at the link below.http://goo.gl/THacggThe primary sources used to derive this land-cover layer were 2006-2008 leaf-off LiDAR data, 2005-2008 leaf-off orthoimagery, and 2013 leaf-on orthoimagery. Ancillary data sources such as LiDAR-derived breaklines for roads and hydrology were used to augment the land-cover mapping. This land-cover dataset is considered current based on data of acquisition for the leaf-on orthoimagery. Land-cover class assignment was accomplished using a rule-based expert system embedded within an object-based framework. Object-based image analysis techniques (OBIA) work by grouping pixels into meaningful objects based on their spectral and spatial properties, while taking into account boundaries imposed by existing vector datasets. Within the OBIA environment a rule-based expert system was designed to effectively mimic the process of manual image analysis by incorporating the elements of image interpretation (color/tone, texture, pattern, location, size, and shape) into the classification process. A series of morphological procedures were employed to insure that the end product is both accurate and cartographically pleasing. Following the automated OBIA mapping a detailed manual review of the dataset was carried out at a scale of 1:3000 and all observable errors were corrected.This dataset was developed to support land-cover mapping and modeling initiatives in Commonwealth of Pennsylvannia. At the time of its publication, it represented the most accurate and detailed land cover map for the state.
Purpose: 
This dataset was developed to support land-cover mapping and modeling initiatives in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. At the time of its publication, it represented the most accurate and detailed land cover map for the state.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:2013-09-01T00:00:00
Currentness_Reference: 
ground condition
Status:
Progress:Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency:None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate:-81.132748
East_Bounding_Coordinate:-74.040170
North_Bounding_Coordinate:42.827270
South_Bounding_Coordinate:38.855478
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:None
Theme_Keyword:Land Cover
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:None
Place_Keyword:Pennsylvania
Place_Keyword:Statewide
Temporal:
Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus:None
Temporal_Keyword:2013
Temporal_Keyword:2005-2008
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:University of Vermont Spatial Analysis Laboratory
Contact_Person:Jarlath O'Neil-Dunne
Contact_Position:Director
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:Unknown
Address: 
Aiken Room 205
Address: 
81 Carrigan Drive
City:Burlington
State_or_Province:VT
Postal_Code:05405
Country:US
Contact_Voice_Telephone:802-656-3324
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:802-656-8683
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:joneildu@uvm.edu
Data_Set_Credit: 
This land-cover dataset was developed by the University of Vermont Spatial Analysis Laboratory. The original development of the algorithms used for this project was done in collaboration with the United States Forest Service. Funding for the Delaware River Basin portion was provided by the William Penn Foundation under a collaborative grant with Shippensburg University. Funding for the Chesapeake Bay Watershed portion was provided by the National Park Service and Environmental Protection Agency under a collaborative grant with the Chesapeake Bay Conservancy.  Funding for the western third of the state was  provided by the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources.
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Version 6.2 (Build 9200) ; Esri ArcGIS 10.6.1.9270
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report: 
No accuracy assessment was performed for this layer, but previous projects using the same workflow (automated feature extraction followed by extensive manual QA\QC) routinely achieved overall accuracies exceeding 90%.
Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment:
Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation: 
Point-based accuracy assessments were used with previous projects using the same workflow (automated feature extraction followed by extensive manual QA\QC).
Logical_Consistency_Report: 
Each cell has been assigned a valid land cover code.
Completeness_Report: 
Complete coverage for the study area using the most recent boundary data.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Type_of_Source_Media:onLine
Source_Contribution: 
Leaf-off, 3-band, 1-foot (0.3-meter) resolution orthoimagery acquired for Pennsylvania during the period 2005-2008.
Source_Information:
Type_of_Source_Media:None
Source_Contribution: 
Leaf-on, 4-band, 3.281-foot (1-meter) resolution orthoimagery from the National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP), acquired in 2013.
Source_Information:
Type_of_Source_Media:None
Source_Contribution: 
Ancillary vector datasets, including LiDAR-derived breaklines for roads and hydrology.
Source_Information:
Type_of_Source_Media:None
Source_Contribution: 
Leaf-off, 3.281-foot (1-meter) resolution LiDAR for Pennsylvania, acquired during the period 2006-2008.
Process_Step:
Process_Description: 
Object based image analysis (OBIA) using a rule-based expert system
Process_Date:2018-11-30T00:00:00
Process_Step:
Process_Description: 
Manual corrections to land-cover classification
Process_Date:2018-12-14T00:00:00
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Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method:Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type:Pixel
Row_Count:348422
Column_Count:536143
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Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Map_Projection:
Map_Projection_Name:Albers Conical Equal Area
Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:
Albers Conical Equal Area
Standard_Parallel:
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method:coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution:0.0000000037527980722984474
Ordinate_Resolution:0.0000000037527980722984474
Planar_Distance_Units:Meter
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name:D North American 1983
Ellipsoid_Name:GRS 1980
Semi-major_Axis:6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio:298.257222101
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label:landcover_2013_pennsylvania.img.vat
Entity_Type_Definition:
Land Cover Class
Entity_Type_Definition_Source:
Project specific
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:OID
Attribute_Definition: 
Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: 
ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:Value
Attribute_Definition: 
Land cover code
Attribute_Definition_Source: 
UTC
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:0
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Background
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project specific
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:1
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Water
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project Specific
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:2
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Emergent Wetlands
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project Specific
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:3
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Tree Canopy
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project Specific
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:4
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Scrub/Shrub
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project Specific
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:5
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Low Vegetation
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project Specific
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:6
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Barren
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project Specific
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:7
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Structures
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project Specific
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:8
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Other Impervious Surfaces
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project Specific
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:9
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Roads
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project Specific
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Tree Canopy over Structures
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project Specific
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:11
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Tree Canopy over Other Impervious Surfaces
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project Specific
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value:12
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 
Tree Canopy over Roads
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: 
Project Specific
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information:
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation:
90
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:Count
Attribute_Definition: 
# pixels per land cover class
Attribute_Definition_Source: 
Internal
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:LandCover
Attribute_Definition: 
Land cover class
0 - Background
1 - Water
2 - Emergent Wetlands
3 - Tree Canopy
4 - Scrub/Shrub
5 - Low Vegetation
6 - Barren
7 - Structures
8 - Other Impervious Surfaces
9 - Roads
10 - Tree Canopy over Structures
11 - Tree Canopy over Other Impervious Surfaces
12 - Tree Canopy over Roads
Attribute_Definition_Source: 
Project specific
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information:
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation:
90
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: 
Twelve land cover classes were mapped:
0 - Background
1 - Water
2 - Emergent Wetlands
3 - Tree Canopy
4 - Scrub/Shrub
5 - Low Vegetation
6 - Barren
7 - Structures
8 - Other Impervious Surfaces
9 - Roads
10 - Tree Canopy over Structures
11 - Tree Canopy over Other Impervious Surfaces
12 - Tree Canopy over Roads
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access (PASDA)
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
115 Land and Water Building
City:University Park
State_or_Province:Pennsylvania
Postal_Code:16802
Country:United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone:(814) 865 - 8792
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:pasda@psu.edu
Distribution_Liability: 
The USER shall indemnify, save harmless, and, if requested, defend those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data, their officers, agents, and employees from and against any suits, claims, or actions for injury, death, or property damage arising out of the use of or any defect in the FILES or any accompanying documentation. Those parties involved with the development and distribution excluded any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. Those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date:20190507
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:University of Vermont Spatial Analysis Laboratory
Contact_Person:Jarlath O'Neil-Dunne
Contact_Position:Director
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:Unknown
Address: 
81 Carrigan Drive
Address: 
Aiken Center Room 205
City:Burlington
State_or_Province:VT
Postal_Code:05405
Country:US
Contact_Voice_Telephone:802-656-3324
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:802-656-8683
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:joneildu@uvm.edu
Metadata_Standard_Name:FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version:FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Access_Constraints:None
Metadata_Use_Constraints:
<DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN STYLE="font-size:14pt">The organizations responsible for generating and funding this dataset make no representations of any kind including, but not limited to the warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular use, nor are any such warranties to be implied with respect to the data.</SPAN></P><P /><P><SPAN STYLE="font-size:14pt">Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of information, errors may be reflected in data supplied. The user must be aware of data conditions and bear responsibility for the appropriate use of the information with respect to possible errors, original map scale, collection methodology, currency of data, and other condition. Secondary distribution must be accompanied by this documentation. Credit should always be given to the data source when this data is transferred, altered, or used for analysis.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN /></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
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