PAMAP cycle2

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:PAMAP Program, PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey

Publication_Date:2007

Title:

PAMAP cycle2

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:remote-sensing image

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:Middletown, PA

Publisher:PAMAP Program, PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey

Description:

Abstract:

This dataset, produced by the PAMAP Program, consists of an orthorectified digital raster image (i.e. orthoimage) with a horizontal ground resolution of 1 foot. An orthoimage is a remotely sensed image that has been positionally corrected for camera lens distortion, vertical displacement, and variations in aircraft altitude and orientation. Orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. Source images were captured in natural color at a negative scale of 1:19200. PAMAP data are organized into blocks, which do not have gaps or overlaps, that represent 10,000 feet by 10,000 feet on the ground. The coordinate system for blocks in the northern half of the state is Pennsylvania State Plane North (datum:NAD83, units: feet); blocks in the southern half of the state are in Pennsylvania State Plane South. A block name is formed by concatenating the first four digits of the State Plane northing and easting defining the block's northwest corner, the State identifier "PA", and the State Plane zone designator "N" or "S" (e.g. 45001210PAS).

Purpose:

Aerial survey of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Orthoimages serve a variety of purposes-- from interim maps to field references for earth science investigations and analysis. The digital orthoimage is a useful layer in a geographic information system for revision of digital line graphs and topographic maps.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date:20070329

Ending_Date:20070423

Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Status:

Progress:Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency:Unknown

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate:-78.810999

East_Bounding_Coordinate:-78.775046

North_Bounding_Coordinate:39.713045

South_Bounding_Coordinate:39.685272

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:None

Theme_Keyword:digital orthophoto

Theme_Keyword:digital image map

Theme_Keyword:aerial photograph

Theme_Keyword:rectified photograph

Theme_Keyword:rectified image

Theme_Keyword:orthophoto

Theme_Keyword:DEM

Theme_Keyword:LiDAR

Theme_Keyword:DMC

Theme_Keyword:Digital Mapping Camera

Theme_Keyword:Imagery/Base Maps/Earth Cover

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:ISO 19115 Topic Category

Theme_Keyword:imageryBaseMapsEarthCover

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:None

Place_Keyword:Pennsylvania

Place_Keyword:Adams County

Place_Keyword:Bedford County

Place_Keyword:Cumberland County

Place_Keyword:Franklin County

Place_Keyword:Fulton County

Place_Keyword:Huntingdon County

Place_Keyword:Juniata County

Place_Keyword:Mifflin County

Place_Keyword:Perry County

Access_Constraints:None

Use_Constraints:

The Originator, Publisher and Distributor exclude any and all implied warranties and make no warranty or representation with respect to the data files or accompanying documentation, including quality, performance, merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. These data files and documentation are provided 'as is' and the User assumes the entire risk as to their quality and performance.  The Originator and Publisher, as indicated in the metadata, should be clearly cited in any product derived from this data. Any modifications to this data must be described in any digital or hardcopy product derived from this data.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Organization:PAMAP Program, PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey

Contact_Position:Director

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:mailing and physical address

Address:

PAMAP Program

City:Middletown

State_or_Province:PA

Postal_Code:17057

Country:USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone:(717) 702-2053

Hours_of_Service:0800-1630

Data_Set_Credit:

PAMAP Program, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey, PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.1.0.722

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

The accuracy of the ground control is confirmed by the evaluation of the results of the analytical bundle adjustment.  The residuals of the final adjustment ensured compliance with NSSDA standards.  The Pre Adjustment Gross Error Detection Statistical Test (Data Snooping, with a confidence level of 99.9%) have been applied to all observations included in the aerial triangulations. To detect small gross errors, during Adjustment Robust Estimators were used with the same confidence level and a power of the test of 1-beta=0.2. Systematic errors were eliminated through self calibration and through Additional Parameters. Their numerical stability, statistical significance, internal and external reliability were checked using Student-t test with the same confidence level and Variance/Co-variance analysis. Finally, the arrived variance factor C was submitted to a Chi-square test against the pre-adjustment variance factor using a confidence level 99.9%.  

The LiDAR flying height, field of view, laser repetition rate, aircraft speed, and the maximum baseline distances from the aerial platform to the ground based GPS stations have been fine tuned to ensure an RMSEz of the processed data at the 18.5 cm level for the bare earth surface as required by the FEMA guidelines.

See the PAMAP Technical Proposal dated January 11, 2006 for further QA/QC procedures.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

All files are inspected by the Production Manager to ensure that they conform to the specified file naming conventions, all files load in their correct geographic position when loaded using the ASCII file header, all files conform to the project specifications for pixel resolution, file standard, dimensions, and compression, and all files do not contain blemishes such as visible seam lines, tone differences, data dropout or artifacts, or warped bridges and overpasses.

Completeness_Report:

All imagery is visually inspected for completeness to ensure that no gaps or image misplacement exists in the image area.  Imagery is mosaicked to ensure complete coverage for map sheets.  The imagery has been checked to ensure that the boundary and the content has been covered in its entirety.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

The horizontal accuracy standard follows the NSSDA-1998 standard.  The maximum permissible RMSE for 95% of the horizontal check points for the mapping product is 5 feet or better.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

The DEM data meets the required vertical accuracy necessary to ensure that the horizontal accuracies of the orthophotos and contours are met.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:RETTEW Associates, Inc.

Publication_Date:20060424

Title:

GPS Photo Control Survey

Type_of_Source_Media:CD-ROM

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date:20060424

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

GPS Ground Control

Source_Contribution:

GPS control points are used to support the acquisition of the imagery and LiDAR data.  Photo identifiable ground control points (panels) based on the control plan are utilized in the analytical aerotriangulation process.  A number of "blind-point" panels were established and used during the QA/QC check of the orthophotos, LiDAR data and contour information.  All horizontal and vertical control was prepared under the supervision of licensed Professional Land Surveyors.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:Photo Science, Inc.

Publication_Date:20070423

Title:

Digital Color Aerial Photography

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:remote-sensing image

Source_Scale_Denominator:24400

Type_of_Source_Media:disc

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date:20070329

Ending_Date:20070423

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

Aerial Photography

Source_Contribution:

Digital color aerial photography to be used in the creation of digital orthophotos, breaklines, and topographic contours.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:Photo Science, Inc.

Publication_Date:20070430

Title:

LiDAR

Type_of_Source_Media:disc

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date:20070430

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

Raw LiDAR

Source_Contribution:

LiDAR elevation data used in the creation of the terrain surface.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Horizontal and Vertical control points were acquired utilizing GPS collection techniques.  All control was prepared under the supervision of licensed Professional Land Surveyors.

Process_Date:20060424

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation:

GPS Ground Control

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Digital aerial photography was obtained utilizing a Zeiss/Intergraph DMC camera in accordance with the project specifcations.  The photography was obtained at an altitude of 10000 feet AMT and captured at a pixel resolution of 1.0 foot.

Process_Date:20070423

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation:

Aerial Photography

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Softcopy aerotriangulation utilizes the GPS ground control, airborne GPS data, and image coordinate measurements which are run through bundle block adjustment software computing the exterior orientation parameters for each image of the photogrammetric project.  The aerotriangulation process employs a rigorous mathematical model which detects measurement errors, and corrects for systematic image distortion, atmospheric refraction and camera lens distortions.  The final bundle adjustment results are inspected to ensure that the RMSE meets the required 1 part in 10000.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

GPS Ground Control

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

Aerial Photography

Process_Date:20070630

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation:

Analytical Aerotriangulation

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

LiDAR collection and processing generally adhered to FEMA Guidelines and Specifications for Flood Hazard Mapping Partners, Appendix A: Guidance for Aerial Mapping & Surveying, Section A.8: Airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) Surveys.  Raw LiDAR data was collected using a sensor equipped with an airborne GPS/IMU system.  Flight lines with a 30% sidelap were flown with a nominal average LiDAR point spacing of 1.4 meters using a 43 degree field of view (full angle) at a laser pulse rate of 40.6 kHz.  The raw LiDAR data is processed and filtered to remove LiDAR points on elevated features such as vegetation, buildings, cars, etc. in order to create a bare earth surface meeting the accuracies required for orthophoto and contour generation.  

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

Raw LiDAR

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

GPS Ground Control

Process_Date:20080624

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation:

Processed LiDAR

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

To supplement the LiDAR data, photogrammetrically compiled breaklines are collected along various planimetric features and significant breaks in grade.  The processed LiDAR data is combined and integrated with these breaklines to generate a final terrain surface of the project area.  This surface was then used to support the accurate generation of the orthophotos and 2' contours.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

Aerial Photography

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

Analytical Aerotriangulation

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

Processed LiDAR

Process_Date:20080624

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation:

DEM

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Digital orthorectification includes a spatial and radiometric transformation of the scanned image from line/sample space into the specified ground coordinate system.  The interior and exterior orientation parameters from the aerotriangulation process are used to project each pixel into the ground coordinate system, while the DEM is used to correct for relief displacement.  Once the images are ortho-rectified, they are checked for geometric accuracy and image quality, and tone-balanced.  The individual overlapping orthophotos are mosaicked together and the final tiles are then extracted from the image set to the project tiling scheme.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

Aerial Photography

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

Analytical Aerotriangulation

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

DEM

Process_Date:8/28/2008

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation:

Color Digital Orthophotography

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Metadata imported.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

Y:\host783\metadata\GeoTIFF_Tile_metadata_xmls\GeoTIFF_Tile_24bit\metadata.xml

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method:Raster

Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type:Pixel

Row_Count:10000

Column_Count:10000

Vertical_Count:1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Map_Projection:

Map_Projection_Name:Lambert Conformal Conic

Lambert_Conformal_Conic:

Lambert Conformal Conic

Standard_Parallel:39.933333

Standard_Parallel:40.966667

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian:-77.750000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin:39.333333

False_Easting:1968500.000000

False_Northing:0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method:coordinate pair

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution:1.000000

Ordinate_Resolution:1.000000

Planar_Distance_Units:survey feet

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name:North American Datum of 1983

Ellipsoid_Name:Geodetic Reference System 80

Semi-major_Axis:6378137.000000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio:298.257222

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

A digital number from 0 to 255 will be assigned to each pixel as determined by the 8-Bit Depth.  For the color imagery this number refers to a color look-up table which will contain the red, green, and blue (RGB) values, each from 0 to 255, for that digital number.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:

Where applicable, all data conforms to the PAMAP Technical Proposal dated January 11, 2006.

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Organization:Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access (PASDA)

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:mailing and physical address

Address:

Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access (PASDA)

Address:

Penn State Institutes of Energy and the Environment

Address:

115 Land and Water Building

City:University Park

State_or_Province:PA

Postal_Code:16802

Country:USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone:814-863-0104

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:pasda@psu.edu

Resource_Description:Downloadable Data

Distribution_Liability:

The USER shall indemnify, save harmless, and, if requested, defend those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data, their officers, agents, and employees from and against any suits, claims, or actions for injury, death, or property damage arising out of the use of or any defect in the FILES or any accompanying documentation. Those parties involved with the development and distribution excluded any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. Those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Transfer_Size:0.000

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date:2007

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:PAMAP Program, PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey

Contact_Person:Jay Parrish, P.G., Ph. D

Contact_Position:Director

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:mailing and physical address

Address:

PAMAP Program

City:Middletown

State_or_Province:PA

Postal_Code:17057

Country:USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone:(717) 702-2053

Metadata_Standard_Name:FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version:FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention:local time

Metadata_Extensions:

Online_Linkage:

Profile_Name:ESRI Metadata Profile