Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/ LiDAR/Hydro Project, PA - Project Level
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:Pennsylvania Sea Grant
Publication_Date:2017
Title:
Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/ LiDAR/Hydro Project, PA - Project Level
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:Project level data
Online_Linkage: http://www.paseagrant.org/
Description:
Abstract: 
Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/LiDAR/Hydro Project will consist the following:

•	New project – wide 1”=100’ scale color digital orthoimagery (with a 6-inch pixel resolution)
•	New project wide 0.7-meter LiDAR (average point density)
•	New project wide hydrology
•	Crest Delineation

This task is for a high resolution data set of lidar covering approximately 512 square miles of the Lake Erie Shoreline, PA. The lidar data was acquired and processed under the requirements identified in this task order. Lidar data is a remotely sensed high resolution elevation data collected by an airborne platform. The lidar sensor uses a combination of laser range finding, GPS positioning, and inertial measurement technologies. The lidar systems collect data point clouds that are used to produce highly detailed Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) of the earth's terrain, man-made structures, and vegetation. The task required the LiDAR data to be collected at a nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 0.7 meters. The final products include classified LAS, 2.5' pixel raster DEMs of the bare-earth surface in ERDAS IMG Format. Each LAS file contains lidar point information, which has been calibrated, controlled, and classified. Additional deliverables include hydrologic breakline data, 8-bit intensity images, control data, tile index, lidar processing and survey reports in PDF format, FGDC metadata files for each data deliverable in .xml format. Ground conditions: Water at normal levels; no unusual inundation; no snow; leaf off.
Purpose: 
The Lake Erie Watershed has a goal to develop and/or update certain geospatial datasets for use by state, county, city agencies and the general public.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Multiple_Dates/Times:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:2017
Time of Day:unknown
Currentness_Reference: 
publication date
Status:
Progress:Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency:As needed
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate:-80.552193
East_Bounding_Coordinate:-79.739360
North_Bounding_Coordinate:42.276330
South_Bounding_Coordinate:41.649693
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:ISO 19115 Topic Categories
Theme_Keyword:Lidar
Theme_Keyword:Project Level
Theme_Keyword:imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
Theme_Keyword:Raster
Theme_Keyword:Orthophoto
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:None
Place_Keyword:United States
Place_Keyword:PA
Place_Keyword:Lake Erie
Access_Constraints:No restrictions apply to this data.
Use_Constraints: 
None. However, users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this dataset was collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Pennsylvania Sea Grant - Penn State University
Contact_Person:Sean D. Rafferty
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
Tom Ridge Environmental Center
Address: 
301 Peninsula Dr., Suite 3
City:Erie
State_or_Province:Pennsylvania
Postal_Code:16505
Country:United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone:814-217-9011 ext 102
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:sdr138@psu.edu
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7600); ArcMap 10.2; ArcCatalog 10.2; TerraScan ver. 15.01; TerraModeler ver. 15.01; Geocue 2014.1.21; LP360 2014.1.
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Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report: 
All formatted data cover the entire area specified for this project and are validated using a combination of commercial lidar processing software, GIS software, and proprietary programs to ensure proper formatting and loading prior to delivery.
Completeness_Report: 
The lidar data is visually inspected for completeness to ensure that are no void areas or missing data.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 
Compiled to meet 1.182  U.S. survey feet  horizontal accuracy at 95 percent confidence level.
Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value:1.182 U.S. survey feet
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: 
Lidar system specifications are available in the project report
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 
LAS data covering the Erie, PA Lidar Project was compared to independent survey control points to determine the NVA of the LAS Swath and of the Bare-Earth DEM. In addition, this LAS data was compared to independent points from representative vegetation categories. Raw LAS Swath Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) Tested 0.593 U.S. survey feet non-vegetated vertical accuracy at a 95 percent confidence level, derived according to NSSDA, using 0.303 U.S. survey feet (RMSEz) x 1.96000 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines. Bare-Earth DEM Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) Tested 0.586 U.S. survey feet non-vegetated vertical accuracy at a 95 percent confidence level, derived according to NSSDA, in open terrain using 0.299 U.S. survey feet (RMSEz) x 1.96000 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines.
Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value:0.593 U.S. survey feet
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: 
Raw LAS Swath Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) Tested 0.593 U.S. survey feet non-vegetated vertical accuracy at a 95 percent confidence level, derived according to NSSDA, in open terrain using (RMSEz) x 1.96000 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines and tested against the TIN using all points.
Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value:0.586 U.S. survey feet
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: 
Bare-Earth DEM Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) Tested 0.586 U.S. survey feet non-vegetated vertical accuracy at a 95 percent confidence level, derived according to NSSDA, in open terrain using (RMSEz) x 1.96000 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines and tested against the DEM.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:Woolpert
Publication_Date:20151110
Title:
Lidar acquisition
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:Dayton, OH
Publisher:Woolpert Geospatial Services
Type_of_Source_Media:Lidar dataset
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:20150429
Source_Currentness_Reference:
ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/LiDAR/Hydro Project
Source_Contribution: 
This data set is the project specified acquired point cloud data.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:Woolpert
Publication_Date:20151110
Title:
Survey Control Acquistion
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:Dayton, OH
Publisher:Woolpert Geospatial Services
Type_of_Source_Media:Control dataset
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:20150615
Source_Currentness_Reference:
ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/LiDAR/Hydro Project
Source_Contribution: 
This data set is the project specified acquired ground control and QAQC control data.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:Woolpert
Publication_Date:20151110
Title:
Lidar deliverable processing
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:Dayton, OH
Publisher:Woolpert Geospatial Services
Type_of_Source_Media:Lidar dataset
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:20150429
Source_Currentness_Reference:
ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/LiDAR/Hydro Project
Source_Contribution: 
This data set is the project specified lidar deliverables.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:Woolpert
Publication_Date:20151110
Title:
Hydrologic breakline deliverable processing
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:Dayton, OH
Publisher:Woolpert Geospatial Services
Type_of_Source_Media:3-d breakline dataset
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:20150429
Source_Currentness_Reference:
ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/LiDAR/Hydro Project
Source_Contribution: 
This data set is the project specified hydrologic breakline deliverable.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:Woolpert
Publication_Date:20151110
Title:
Tile index and data extent
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:Dayton, OH
Publisher:Woolpert Geospatial Services
Type_of_Source_Media:vector dataset
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:20150429
Source_Currentness_Reference:
ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/LiDAR/Hydro Project
Source_Contribution: 
This data set is the project specified tile index and data extent.
Process_Step:
Process_Description: 
Using a Leica ALS70 (lidar) systems on board Woolpert aircraft , high density data, at a nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 0.7 meters, were collected for this task order (approximately 512  square miles). Leica Specs- AGL = 6,500 ft - Aircraft Speed = 150 Knots, Field of View (Full) = 40 degrees, Pulse Rate = 272 kHz, Scan Rate = 41 Hz, with an average side lap of 25 %. Multiple returns were recorded for each laser pulse along with an intensity value for each return. Three (3) missions were flown between April 29, 2015 and May 7, 2015. One (1) Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Base Station was used in support of the lidar data acquisition. Specific information regarding latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid height to the L1 phase center is included in the lidar processing report. The geoid used to reduce satellite derived elevations to orthometric heights was GEOID09. Data for the task order is referenced to the to NAD 83 (2007) Pennsylvania State Plane North, NAVD88, US Survey Feet. Once the data acquisition and GPS processing phases are complete, the lidar data was processed immediately to verify the coverage had no voids. The GPS and IMU data was post processed using differential and Kalman filter algorithms to derive a best estimate of trajectory. The quality of the solution was verified to be consistent with the accuracy requirements of the project. The SBET was used to reduce the lidar slant range measurements to a raw reflective surface for each flight line. The coverage was classified to extract a bare earth digital elevation model (DEM) and separate last returns. The ALS70 calibration and system performance is verified on a periodic basis using Woolpert's calibration range. The calibration range consists of a large building and runway. The edges of the building and control points along the runway have been located using conventional survey methods. Inertial measurement unit (IMU) misalignment angles and horizontal accuracy are calculated by comparing the position of the building edges between opposing flight lines. The scanner scale factor and vertical accuracy is calculated through comparison of lidar data against control points along the runway. Field calibration is performed on all flight lines to refine the IMU misalignment angles. IMU misalignment angles are calculated from the relative displacement of features within the overlap region of adjacent (and opposing) flight lines. The raw lidar data is reduced using the refined misalignment angles.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/LiDAR/Hydro Project - Lidar Acquisition
Process_Date:20150429
Process_Time:1200
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Woolpert, Inc.
Contact_Position:Geospatial Services
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
4454 Idea Center Blvd.
City:Dayton
State_or_Province:OH
Postal_Code:45430
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:(937) 461-5660
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:(937) 461-0743
Hours_of_Service:8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time
Process_Step:
Process_Description: 
For this survey, Woolpert field crews utilized two (2) Woolpert-owned, Trimble Navigation R8 Model 3 series dual frequency GPS receivers, and one (1) Woolpert-owned, Trimble Navigation R8 Model 2 series dual frequency GPS receiver. The field crew utilized Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS surveying throughout the ground control data collection process. Using RTK GPS techniques, observations were performed on LiDAR quality control points. The survey was conducted using a 1-second epoch rate, in a fixed solution RTK mode, with each observation lasting 180 seconds. Each station was occupied twice to ensure the necessary horizontal and vertical accuracies were being met for this project.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/LiDAR/Hydro Project - Control and QAQC control Acquisition
Process_Date:20150615
Process_Time:1200
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Woolpert, Inc.
Contact_Position:Geospatial Services
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
4454 idea Center Blvd.
City:Dayton
State_or_Province:OH
Postal_Code:45430
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:(937) 461-5660
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:(937) 461-0743
Hours_of_Service:8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time
Process_Step:
Process_Description: 
The individual flight lines were inspected to ensure the systematic and residual errors have been identified and removed. Then, the flight lines were compared to adjacent flight lines for any mismatches to obtain a homogenous coverage throughout the project area. The point cloud underwent a classification process to determine bare-earth points and non-ground points utilizing "first and only" as well as "last of many" lidar returns. This process determined Default points (Class 1), Ground points (Class 2), Low vegetation (Class 3), Medium vegetation (Class 4), High vegetation (Class 5), Building (Class 6), Noise (Class 7), Water (Class 9), Ignored Ground (Class 10), Bridge deck (Class 13), Overlap Default (Class 17), Overlap Ground (Class 18). The bare-earth (Class 2 - Ground) lidar points underwent a manual QA/QC step to verify the quality of the DEM as well as a peer-based QC review. This included a review of the DEM surface to remove artifacts and ensure topographic quality. Classification of water (class 9) and ignored ground (class 10) was completed via the use of the hydrologic breaklines collected for the hydro-flattening phase. The overlap classes were determined by first identifying the overlapping areas and reclassifying the LAS data by offset from a corridor. This allows the returns located on the edge of the swath to be removed from the bare earth coverage in an effort to produce a more uniform data density. The surveyed ground control points are used to make vertical adjustments to the data set and to perform the accuracy checks and statistical analysis of the lidar dataset. Supervisory QC monitoring of work in progress and completed editing ensured consistency of classification character and adherence to project requirements across the entire project area. The resulting deliverables for this task order consist of classified LAS file in LAS 1.2 format, 2.5 ft pixel size DEM files in ERDAS IMG format and Hydrologic Breakline data in ESRI shape file format. The method used to create the DEM consisted of isolating the ground (class 2) points and introducing 3-d breakline data derived from delineating hydrologic features and applying USGS v1.0 hydro flattening specification z-values. This combined dataset was then processed into a gridded format for additional QAQC to ensure DEM quality. Following QAQC process completion, a gridded raster file was created on a per tile basis. The task order projection information was applied to the final raster dataset. Prior to delivery, all raster files were visually reviewed to ensure coverage and reviewed using automated processes to ensure proper formatting.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/LiDAR/Hydro Project - Deliverable Processing
Process_Date:20150429
Process_Time:1200
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Woolpert, Inc.
Contact_Position:Geospatial Services
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
4454 Idea Center Blvd.
City:Dayton
State_or_Province:OH
Postal_Code:45430
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:(937) 461-5660
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:(937) 461-0743
Hours_of_Service:8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time
Process_Step:
Process_Description: 
The compilation procedure included use of lidar intensity, bare earth surface model, point cloud data, and open source imagery in an effort to manually compile hydrologic features in a 2-d environment. Following the compilation phase, a separate process was used to adjust the breakline data to best match the water level at the time of the lidar collection. Any ponds and/or lakes were adjusted to be at or just below the bank and to be at a constant elevation. Any streams were adjusted to be at or just below the bank and to be monotonic. Manual QAQC and peer-based QC review was performed on all delineated data to ensure horizontal placement quality and on all adjusted data to ensure vertical placement quality. The final hydrologic breakline product was delivered in ESRI shape file format and was also used in the processing of the DEM deliverable.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/LiDAR/Hydro Project - Hydrologic Breakline Deliverable Processing
Process_Date:20150429
Process_Time:1200
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Woolpert, Inc.
Contact_Position:Geospatial Services
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
4454 Idea Center Blvd.
City:Dayton
State_or_Province:OH
Postal_Code:45430
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:(937) 461-5660
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:(937) 461-0743
Hours_of_Service:8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time
Process_Step:
Process_Description: 
Tile Size: 2,500ft x 2,500ft. The tile file name was derived from the southwest corner of each tile. Tile index and extent are provided in shape file format.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Lake Erie Watershed 2015 Ortho/LiDAR/Hydro Project - Hydrologic Breakline Deliverable Processing
Process_Date:20150429
Process_Time:1200
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Woolpert, Inc.
Contact_Position:Geospatial Services
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
4454 Idea Center Blvd.
City:Dayton
State_or_Province:OH
Postal_Code:45430
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:(937) 461-5660
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:(937) 461-0743
Hours_of_Service:8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time
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Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
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Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Map_Projection:
Lambert_Conformal_Conic:
Standard_Parallel:40.88333333333333
Standard_Parallel:41.95
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian:-77.75
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin:40.16666666666666
False_Easting:1968500.0
False_Northing:0.0
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method:coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution:0.000000026822588594654923
Ordinate_Resolution:0.000000026822588594654923
Planar_Distance_Units:foot_us
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name:D North American 1983 HARN
Ellipsoid_Name:GRS 1980
Semi-major_Axis:6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio:298.257222101
Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Altitude_System_Definition:
Altitude_Datum_Name:North American Vertical Datum of 1988(GEOID09)
Altitude_Resolution:0.000100
Altitude_Distance_Units:meters
Altitude_Encoding_Method:Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access (PASDA)
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
115 Land and Water building
City:University Park
State_or_Province:Pennsylvania
Postal_Code:16802
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:(814) 865 - 8792
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:pasda@psu.edu
Resource_Description:Downloadable Data
Distribution_Liability: 
The USER shall indemnify, save harmless, and, if requested, defend those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data, their officers, agents, and employees from and against any suits, claims, or actions for injury, death, or property damage arising out of the use of or any defect in the FILES or any accompanying documentation. Those parties involved with the development and distribution excluded any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. Those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.
Available_Time_Period:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:unknown
Time of Day:unknown
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date:2017
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access (PASDA)
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
115 Land and Water building
City:University Park
State_or_Province:Pennsylvania
Postal_Code:16802
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:(814) 865 - 8792
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address::pasda@psu.edu
Metadata_Standard_Name:FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version:FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention:local time
Metadata_Security_Information:
Metadata_Security_Classification_System:Unclassified
Metadata_Security_Classification:Unclassified
Metadata_Security_Handling_Description:
Unclassified
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